Megamouth Ironhead Driftwood Catfish (4”)

Scientific Name: Trachycorystes trachycorystes 

Maximum Size and Lifespan:

• Can reach 12-14 inches (50–60 cm) in length. Sometimes larger

• Lifespan is typically 15+ years in captivity with proper care.

Recommended Aquarium Size, Water Changes, and Water Parameters:

• Minimum aquarium size: 125 gallons, larger tanks strongly recommended due to adult size and activity. Juveniles can be raised in 40-90 gallon tank for better observation.

• Weekly water changes of 30–40% to maintain water quality.

• Water parameters:

  • Temperature: 74–82°F (23–28°C)

  • pH: 6.0–7.5
    

• Requires strong filtration, moderate water movement, and plenty of hiding areas (driftwood, caves, PVC pipes). Dim lighting is best.

Tankmates:

• A large, predatory species—will consume any tankmate small enough to fit in its mouth.

• Suitable tankmates are other large and robust fish such as big cichlids (Oscars, Peacock Bass, large Geophagus, Uaru), larger Loricariids, Silver Dollars, Datnoids, and other similarly sized catfish.

• Avoid housing with small fish, delicate species, or overly aggressive predators that may harass it.

Diet:

• Carnivorous with a strong preference for meaty foods.

• Diet should include: sinking carnivore pellets, prawns, mussels, chopped fish, earthworms, squid, and other protein-rich frozen foods.

• May accept feeder fish, though this is not recommended due to disease risk.

• Primarily nocturnal feeder, so evening feedings are most effective.

Overview:
The Black Driftwood Catfish (Trachycorystes trachycorystes) is a massive and formidable South American catfish, easily identified by its armored head, spiny fin rays, and powerful jaws. Nocturnal and secretive by day, it becomes an active predator at night. This species requires very large aquaria, heavy filtration, and careful tankmate selection. It is hardy once established, but its size and predatory nature mean it is best suited to experienced keepers with appropriately large setups.

Natural Environment:

• Found in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins, as well as other northern South American drainages.

• Typically inhabits slow-moving or still waters, including floodplains and river margins.

• Prefers areas with heavy driftwood, root tangles, and submerged debris, where it can remain hidden during the day.

Breeding:

• Breeding in captivity is undocumented and not considered feasible due to size and behavioral requirements.

• In the wild, reproduction is thought to occur seasonally during rising water periods.

• Most individuals in the aquarium trade are wild-caught juveniles.