Rio Chacamax Vieja Bifasciatus Cichlid (5.5-6”)

Scientific Name:

Vieja bifasciata
(Common name: Vieja Rio Chacamax Cichlid, sometimes just “Bifasciate Cichlid”)

Maximum Size & Lifespan:

• Adult Size: Up to 12–14 inches (30–35 cm) in captivity

• Lifespan: Around 10–15 years with proper care

Recommended Aquarium Size:

• Single specimen or pair: 125-150 gallons 

• Community setup with other large fish: 180 gallons or larger

• Tank should be at least 6 feet (180 cm) long to provide swimming space and reduce aggression.

Water Parameters & Care:

• Temperature: 75–82°F (24–28°C)

• pH: 7.0–8.0 (slightly alkaline)

• Water Changes: 30–50% weekly, depending on stocking and filtration

• Filtration: Strong external filter or sump – Viejas are big eaters and heavy waste producers.

Provide a sandy substrate with large rocks, driftwood, and caves. They may uproot plants, so hardy species or artificial plants are better.

Tankmates:

Viejas are territorial and aggressive, especially when breeding. Tankmates should be equally large and robust:

• Other species of vieja, Jaguar Cichlid, Large Silver Dollars and Tinfoil Barbs, Large Catfish and Plecos, Datnoid, Peacock Bass (with appropriate sizing)

 Avoid: small fish (will be eaten), peaceful species, or slow-moving fish.

🍽️ Diet:

Omnivorous with a strong plant/protein balance:

• Staples: High-quality cichlid pellets (both spirulina-based and protein-rich)

• Frozen Bloodworms and chopped shrimp

Avoid fatty foods (like beef heart) to prevent digestive issues.

Overview:

The Vieja Rio Chacamax is one of the most striking members of the Vieja group, displaying iridescent blue, red, and orange coloration with a bold body shape. It is intelligent, aggressive, and interactive, making it a true “wet pet” but best for advanced keepers due to its size, aggression, and tank requirements.

Natural Environment:

• Range: Native to the Rio Chacamax, a tributary of the Usumacinta River in Chiapas, Mexico, flowing into Guatemala.

• Habitat:

  • Slow to moderately flowing rivers

  • Sandy/muddy bottoms with boulders and sunken logs

  • Warm, alkaline water

  • Seasonal changes in flow and water levels

They feed on a mix of algae, plant matter, detritus, and small invertebrates in the wild.

Breeding:

• Type: Substrate spawner, strong pair bonds

• Sexual dimorphism:

  • Males larger, often with a nuchal hump

  • Females smaller, more rounded body

• Spawning site: Flat rocks, slate, or broad surfaces

• Eggs: Up to 500–800 eggs per spawn

• Parental care:

  • Both parents guard and fan the eggs

  • Fry hatch in 2–3 days and are free-swimming in about a week

• Fry food: Infusoria or powdered fry food at first, then baby brine shrimp

Parents are highly protective during breeding should only be kept alone!